2025-04-02 - LD Mannheim - Fujifilm v. Kodak - UPC_CFI_365/2023
- Aktenzeichen:
- UPC_CFI_365/2023
- Datum:
- Spruchkörper:
- Court of First Instance - Mannheim (DE) Local Division
- Art:
- Proceeding Decision
- Parteien:
- Fujifilm v. Kodak
Kernaussage: 1.
2025-04-02 - LD Mannheim - Fujifilm
v.
Kodak - UPC_CFI_365/2023
1. The UPC has no jurisdiction over a European Patent with regard to those national parts of UPCA member states which have already lapsed before 1 June 2023. The same applies to national parts of non-UPCA-member states.
2. Also in the context of a prior use right, the according facts have to be presented in the Statement of Defense and the Counterclaim for Revocation. It is in those briefs that the defendant has to submit reasons why the action shall fail, R. 24(g) RoP and the grounds for revocation have to be presented comprehensively, R. 25(1)(b) and (c) RoP whereas the following briefs have to limit themselves to a response to matters raised in the Reply, R. 29(c) and (d) RoP.
3. Where German Law is applicable upon a private prior use right according to Art. 28 UPCA, it is necessary that a firm and final decision to use the form of alleged prior use took place before the priority date. For this the burden of presentation and proof regarding the underlying facts of a private prior use right lies on the defendant. It is therefore up to the defendant, to prove by submitting relevant documents and/or witnesses that by the date of the priority, he had possession of the invention and exercised the possession of the invention.
This decision by the Mannheim Local Division granted an injunction and ordered the Defendants to pay damages and to inform the Claimant to the extent of the infringing acts; the counterclaim was dismissed. The decision is 65 pages long and deals with many (!) different topics, for example the lack of jurisdiction for EP-parts that lapsed before the UPC's entry into force, the requirement for "front-loading proceedings" - specifically related to the Defendants' right of prior use -, the prior use right in Germany and validity attacks that remained unsuccessful.
This decision was published twice.
Nichtigkeitsgründe
Art. 138 EPCNovelty
Patent survived (this ground)Art. 54 EPC · Art. 138(1)(a) EPC
“The novelty attacks failed. Public prior use was not made out: the plates supplied for field trials were subject to at least an implicit confidentiality regime, the internal report being marked confidential and the remaining plates staying with the test partner, so whether they had the claimed properties could be left open [64], [67]-[73]. Claim 1 is also novel over WO 2018/160379 A1 and EP 2 878 452 A1 [74]-[95].”
Inventive Step
Patent survived (this ground)Art. 56 EPC · Art. 138(1)(a) EPC
“The inventive-step attack over EP 2 878 452 failed. Nothing motivates the skilled person to pick out examples 3, 11 and 12 of the thirty in table 2 and recombine their micropore properties: the document teaches no correlation between the ratio of pore diameters and the problem the patent addresses, and those three examples performed worse on microdots than others [95]-[97]. EP 2 878 968 is remote, as the defendants themselves said.”
Added Matter
Patent survived (this ground)Art. 123(2) EPC · Art. 138(1)(c) EPC
“The added-matter ground failed. The depth range of the large-diameter pores in feature 1.6 is directly and unambiguously disclosed in the application as filed without the other features of the second aspect or of Figure 3, the small-diameter pores being expressly optional and the description stating that the disclosure is not limited to the representative embodiments [98]-[101].”
Priority
Patent survived (this ground)Art. 87 EPC · derivative
“The attack on the priority of JP 2017190837 failed. The defendants confined the disclosure of the priority document to its claims, but the disclosure of a priority document is not limited to its claims: what matters is what the document discloses as a whole, on the same test as for novelty (Art. 87(1) EPC, EPO G 2/98). The priority date of 29 September 2017 therefore stands [65].”